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- ****************************
- * Heme oxygenase signature *
- ****************************
-
- Heme oxygenase (EC 1.14.99.3) (HO) [1] is the microsomal enzyme that, in
- animals, carries out the oxidation of heme, it cleaves the heme ring at the
- alpha methene bridge to form biliverdin and carbon monoxide. Biliverdin is
- subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase.
-
- In mammals there are two isozymes of heme oxygenase: HO-1 and HO-2. The two
- isozymes differ in their tissue expression and their inducibility: HO-1 is
- highly inducible by its substrate heme and by various non-heme substances,
- while HO-2 is non-inducible. It has been recently suggested [2] that HO-2
- could be implicated in the production of carbon monoxide in the brain where it
- is said to act as a neurotransmitter.
-
- There is, in the central section of both isozymes, a perfectly conserved
- region centered on a histidine residue which is proposed to play a key role
- in binding the substrate heme at the active center of the enzyme. We have used
- this region as a signature pattern.
-
- -Consensus pattern: L-L-V-A-H-A-Y-T-R
- [H binds the heme]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
- -Last update: October 1993 / Text revised.
-
- [ 1] Maines M.D.
- FASEB J. 2:2557-2568(1988).
- [ 2] Barinaga M.
- Science 259:309-309(1993).
-